Known as the poet of the rondels, Alexandre Macedonski took his inspiration from French literature and was Romanian literature’s first Symbolist. The founder of the Literatorul literary circle and magazine, he advocated the modernisation of Romanian poetry, engaging in constant polemics with the Junimea circle. In addition, Macedonski supported numerous young talents at the beginning of their writing careers, including George Bacovia and Tudor Vianu, whom he published in his magazine.
In the autumn of 1884, he left the country, settling in Paris, and began to write in French as a means of finding world fame. He returned to Romania in 1885, and his first poems in French appeared in La Walonie, a magazine published in Liège by Albert Mockel, which was regarded as one of the earliest vehicles for French Symbolism.
In 1886, he wrote the naturalist novellas August Day, On the Post Road, From the Diary of a Deserter, and Among the Coops, collected in The Book of Gold, published in 1902.
Up until 1890, Macedonski wrote long Romantic poems that were strongly satirical in intent. His Nights cycle, with its overflowing Romantic rhetoric, was inspired by Alfred de Musset’s Nuits series of the 1830s.
After 1890, Macedonski’s poetry underwent a process of distillation. His lyrical discourse becomes more condensed, relying on more tangible metaphors. He abandons the high-flown rhetoric of the first phase and his poetry becomes more suggestive, more musical. One of the first Romanian authors to compose rondels, he makes the form uniquely his own, writing ‘The Rondel of the Dying Roses,’ ‘The Rondel of the Water in the Japanese Garden,’ ‘The Rondel of the Lilies,’ ‘The Rondel of Objects,’ and, towards the end of his life, the famous cycle that includes Vagrant Rondels, Rondels of the Four Winds, Rondels of the Roses, Rondels of the Seine, and Porcelain Rondels. The five cycles were published posthumously in the collection Epic of the Rondels (1927).
In 2006, Alexandre Macedonski was elevated to the Romanian Academy post mortem.